NAT Gateway Overview

Last Updated At: 2025-11-11 11:28:36

NAT Gateway is a service that supports IP address translation and provides SNAT (Source Network Address Translation) and DNAT (Destination Network Address Translation) capabilities, which can provide secure and high-performance internet access services for resources within a VPC. NAT Gateway supports up to 99.99% high availability, 5Gbps bandwidth, and more than 10 million concurrent connections. Its typical use cases are as follows:

NAT Gateway supports:

  • High availability: up to 99.99%
  • Bandwidth: 5 Gbps
  • Concurrent connections: more than 10 million

Typical Application Scenarios

  • Large bandwidth public network egress: For services such as web crawlers and accessing Internet public services.
  • Secure public network egress: When a CVM needs to communicate with the Internet but should not be assigned a public IP for security reasons.

Network Topology

When resources in a VPC (e.g., CVMs) send outbound data packets through the NAT Gateway:

  1. Packets first travel through the router.
  2. They are then routed according to the routing policy.
  3. The NAT Gateway sends the traffic to the Internet using the bound EIP as the source IP.

NAT Gateway vs. Public Gateway

CVMs in a VPC can access the Internet through either a NAT Gateway or a Public Gateway. The differences are summarized below:

Attribute NAT Gateway Public Gateway
Availability Master/Slave hot backup with automatic failover Manual switching required for failure
Public network bandwidth Up to 5 Gbps Depends on CVM network bandwidth
Public IP address Up to 10 EIPs can be bound Supports one EIP or ordinary public IP
Rate limit 5 Gbps (up to 50 Gbps with support request) Depends on CVM
Max concurrent connections 10,000,000 500,000
Private IP usage VPC private IPs are not consumed Subnet private IPs are consumed
Security group support Cannot bind directly; bind to backend CVM instead Binding supported
Network ACL support Cannot bind directly; bind to subnet of backend CVM Cannot bind directly; bind to subnet of public gateway
Fees Philippines:
• Small (up to 1M connections): $0.09/hr
• Medium (up to 3M connections): $0.27/hr
• Large (up to 10M connections): $0.89/hr
Only CVM fees apply; no extra gateway fee

Advantages of NAT Gateway

  1. Large Capacity
    Supports up to 10 million concurrent connections, 5 Gbps bandwidth, and 10 EIPs — ideal for large-scale operations.

  2. High Availability
    Automatic failover ensures disaster recovery and 99.99% service availability, superior to manual public gateway switching.

  3. Cost Effectiveness
    Three configurations (small, medium, large) allow flexible billing and high cost-efficiency.